{"product_id":"ancient-map-of-palmanova-1688","title":"Ancient map of Palmanova, 1688","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"whitespace-normal\"\u003eNova Palma\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e is a remarkable topographical engraving depicting the extraordinary fortified city of \u003cspan class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"whitespace-normal\"\u003ePalmanova\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e, one of the most ambitious examples of Renaissance military urban planning ever constructed. Although published in 1688 within editions of Merian’s influential topographical works, the view reflects the city originally founded by the \u003cspan class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"whitespace-normal\"\u003eRepublic of Venice\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e in 1593 as a strategic defensive stronghold against Ottoman expansion and regional threats in northeastern Italy.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCreated by the renowned Swiss-German engraver and publisher \u003cspan class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"whitespace-normal\"\u003eMatthäus Merian\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e, the engraving presents Palmanova from an elevated perspective that emphasizes its famous geometric design. Unlike medieval cities that evolved organically over centuries, Palmanova was conceived as an ideal city based on Renaissance principles of symmetry, mathematics, and military engineering. Its distinctive nine-pointed star shape, surrounded by bastions, ramparts, moats, and defensive earthworks, is clearly visible and forms the central focus of the composition.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe city’s design reflects the influence of Renaissance humanism, which sought to unite beauty, order, and functionality. Broad avenues radiate outward from a central hexagonal piazza, creating a highly organized urban structure. Merian carefully records this remarkable layout, illustrating not only the defensive system but also the internal arrangement of streets, public buildings, and residential quarters.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBeyond its military purpose, Palmanova represented an expression of Venetian power and technological sophistication. The fortress city was intended to protect Venetian territories while demonstrating the Republic’s engineering capabilities. The surrounding countryside, roads, and agricultural lands depicted in the engraving provide context for the city's strategic location within the Friuli region.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLike many of Merian’s finest works, \u003cspan class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"whitespace-normal\"\u003eNova Palma\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e combines geographic precision with artistic refinement. Today, it remains an important historical record of one of Europe’s most celebrated planned cities and a testament to the enduring legacy of Renaissance urban design and military architecture.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/printsxxl.com\/search?q=Matth%C3%A4us+Merian+\u0026amp;options\" title=\"Find more maps of Matthäus Merian\"\u003eFind more maps of Matthäus Merian\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"PrintsXXL","offers":[{"title":"canvas \/ 19''x21''(48x53)","offer_id":53239771693322,"sku":"195474","price":55.93,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"canvas \/ 23''x25''(58x64)","offer_id":53239771726090,"sku":"195474","price":61.88,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"canvas \/ 27''x30''(68x76)","offer_id":53239771758858,"sku":"195474","price":69.02,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"canvas \/ 31''x34''(78x87)","offer_id":53239771791626,"sku":"195474","price":90.44,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"canvas 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