Old arabic language map of Mecca, Makkah, 1948

The Old arabic language map of Mecca (Makkah) is a significant cartographic work that offers a detailed and historically valuable depiction of one of Islam's holiest cities during the mid-20th century. Created by the Survey of Egypt, a leading cartographic authority of the time, the map reflects both the region's geographic intricacies and its cultural and religious significance.

The map meticulously illustrates Mecca’s urban layout, highlighting its streets, neighborhoods, and key landmarks. The Masjid al-Haram (the Sacred Mosque) is prominently depicted at the center, with the Kaaba, the focal point of Islamic worship, clearly marked. Surrounding the mosque are the historic districts of Mecca, pathways used by pilgrims, and key infrastructure such as water sources, wells, and roads connecting Mecca to other parts of the Hejaz region.

As the birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad and the site of the annual Hajj pilgrimage, Mecca holds unparalleled importance in Islam. This map would have been invaluable for guiding pilgrims and understanding the city’s layout, particularly as the number of visitors increased in the post-war era. The map also captures the city before its extensive modernization and expansion, preserving details of Mecca’s historical character.

Rendered in Arabic, the map reflects the cultural and linguistic context of its audience. It uses traditional cartographic techniques, with clear labels and symbols to denote important landmarks, elevation, and urban features. Decorative elements, such as an ornate title cartouche or a border design, may be present, adding aesthetic value.

Published in 1948, the map captures Mecca at a transitional moment, just before Saudi Arabia's oil wealth began to significantly reshape the city and the country. The Survey of Egypt, known for its precision, produced the map as part of its broader efforts to chart the region during a time of growing international interest in the Middle East.

This map serves as a historical snapshot of Mecca, offering insights into its geography, urban development, and religious importance in the mid-20th century. It is a valuable resource for historians, cartographers, and anyone interested in the cultural heritage of the Islamic world.