Ancient map of Penbrokshyre, 1623

John Speed’s map "Penbrokshyre" from 1623 is a richly detailed and historically significant cartographic representation of Pembrokeshire, a county in southwest Wales. Speed was one of the most famous English cartographers of the early 17th century, and his maps are renowned for their historical and geographical accuracy, as well as their artistic embellishments. This particular map is part of Speed’s famous atlas, "The Theatre of the Empire of Great Britaine."

The map provides a detailed depiction of Pembrokeshire’s geographical features, including its coastline, rivers, hills, and forests. The rugged coastline, with its numerous bays and inlets, is accurately rendered, reflecting Pembrokeshire’s maritime importance.
Major rivers such as the Cleddau Estuary are marked, emphasizing the natural waterways that were vital for transport and trade during the period.

The map illustrates major towns and settlements, including Pembroke, Haverfordwest, and Tenby. These are depicted with small illustrations of buildings, giving a sense of the urban landscape.
Significant castles and fortifications, such as Pembroke Castle and Carew Castle, are prominently featured, highlighting the region’s strategic military importance.

True to Speed’s style, the map is adorned with elaborate decorative elements. These include a richly decorated title cartouche, heraldic shields of local noble families, and illustrations of ships sailing in the surrounding seas.
 A prominent feature is the inclusion of a coat of arms and illustrations of notable historical figures related to the region.

An inset plan of the town of Pembroke is included, providing a detailed view of its streets, buildings, and fortifications. This adds an extra layer of detail and focus on one of the county’s key settlements.
Additionally, the map may feature views or illustrations of significant landmarks or events related to Pembrokeshire’s history.

Speed’s map of Pembrokeshire is a valuable historical document that captures the region’s geography and settlement patterns in the early 17th century. It provides insights into the administrative and political landscape of the time.
The inclusion of heraldic shields and historical figures adds context to the social and noble structures prevalent in the region.

John Speed’s work is considered a pinnacle of early modern cartography. His maps combine geographical accuracy with artistic flourish, making them both practical tools and decorative pieces.

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